Ancient southbound surveying alignments from Mt. Wellington extended to several trigs in the Bombay Hill's region. One ran to the obelisk cluster, another to the Bombay tor mound then onward to He Tohu Kairuri (B2D4) Hill. Yet anothers ran from Stockade Hill to He Tohu Kairuri (B2D4), crossing Pukekiwiriki Hill's crown en-route. The main bisecting alignment through the entirety of the Auckland Isthmus ran from Orewa-Silverdale to the highest point of Mt. William (44.1-miles), crossing Mt. Wellington's trig midway. Several large buildings and high transmitter masts have been erected atop Mt. William (Puketutu) and whatever former stone work that existed there is now gone. All that we could detect on the summit of Mt William were a few remaining "sighting pits" and the purpose built high-point mound "humps".

The asymmetrically shaped top of He Tohu Kairuri (B2D4) in the Mt. William resolving area shows that it was laboriously fashioned or modified in ancient times to serve as a very conspicuous trig from distant locations. It appears that this very prominent and high tor mound was the pre-eminent distribution trig for landmapping further southward from the Auckland Isthmus. It provides spectacular views through 360-degrees and stands high above the entire Waikato Valley floor. It is easily seen from very far-off locations, many miles distant southward. By use of massive, labouriously built trigs like this atop high ranges, ancient Patu-paiarehe surveyors were able to mathematically map the entirety of their country.

The alignment from Mt. Wellington to the top of Mt. William (Puketutu) passes over the crown of this former, purpose built, marker mound at Totara Heights in Manurewa suburb. This interim trig mound is now a part of a park and has escaped the indignity of being bulldozed into oblivion and built over by the ever-sprawling city. The Totara Park mound sits 7.76-miles removed from the trig atop Mt. Wellington, at an azimuth angle of 156.5-degrees.

A magnified view taken from the summit of the mound at Totara Park to the trig on Mt. Wellington. The vista from the mound is spectacular and most of the important hills of the Auckland Isthmus, including Rangitoto Island, can be seen from there. Another overland marker system, on the same alignment, extended north from Mt. Wellington to Silverdale, 21.2-miles (34 kilometres) distant.

RANGITOTO

In Auckland's huge Hauraki Gulf harbour is a large volcanic island, just offshore, which contains more lava rock mass than all of the other Auckland volcanoes combined. This is the picturesque extinct volcano called Rangitoto, which is purported to have suddenly emerged from the sea, in a loud hiss and roar, only 600-years ago. As it turns out, however, Rangitoto's double hump cone represents a major, marked alignment surveying target from several Auckland hills, including the Bombay Hill's tor mound. So, what are the known facts concerning the true age of Rangitoto Island?

Rangitoto Island, as seen from Mt. Wellington. Just how old is this extinct volcano?

Many New Zealanders are led to believe that the name Rangi-toto means "fire in the sky" or "blood sky" and from this conclude that Maori witnessed the violent eruptions of this volcano when it was fully active. As it turns out, the name has nothing to do with "fire in the sky", but is an abbreviation of the sentence: "Te Rangi i totongia a Tamatekapua - the day the blood of Tamatekapua was shed".

The oral history is referring to Tamatekapua, chief of the Arawa canoe, which arrived about 1350. He was defeated in a battle against the Tainui at Islington Bay on the Island.

This little snippet of history is, in itself, a contradiction. If Tamatekapua fought at Islington Bay on Rangitoto Island shortly after 1350AD, then that's about 50-years before the island is supposed to have existed. According to prevailing wisdom, the island would have remained an inhospitable, seething cauldron of smoke and fire for a very long time (perhaps 200-years) after it first raised itself out of the ocean, periodically layering itself thereafter with lava to finally grow into a huge island. There really shouldn't have been any semblance of an "Islington Bay" until about 1600 AD.

A number of clues and conflicting statements concerning the geological age of the island are raised in a paper by Dr. L.H. Millener, titled: How Old Is The Vegetation On Rangitoto Island?, published by The NZ Ecological Society.

Under a heading called Maori Myth and Legend, the paper states: 'In a thousand years there is no tradition of an eruption although forests of pohutukawa and rata were described there in the fifteenth century and even back to 1150'.

This is yet another contradiction to the 600-year, hypothetical age of the island promoted by our experts, who also tell us there was no-one living in New Zealand prior to about 1250AD. It's quite obvious that an oral tradition has been passed down from the earlier people to Maori, speaking of established forests on the island at much earlier epochs. Subsequent eruptions must have burnt off these forests.

Present estimates concerning the age of the trees on the island state that none are older than 200-years. One report speaks of wood organic matter being found beneath a lava flow by our scientists, but the find was thereafter explained away as insignificant.

Oral tradition and some geological evidence would suggest that the volcano was, at some point, dormant for a sufficiently long period of time that the slow processes of sereal development within the sterile lithosere environment could eventually engender some basis for organic growth, leading ultimately to tree development. One particular era of growth, culminating in 'forests of pohutukawa and rata in 1150 AD', as well several similar painfully-slow periods of plant establishment prior to that, was cut short by yet another eruption, smothering or burning off everything anew with hot volcanic detritus. Core sampling on the island would probably show that the slow regeneration of plant life was brought to an abrupt end, like this, several times over.

Left: In the years before WWII the large quarry at Islington Bay, Rangitoto Island, supplied a huge amount of scoria-rock for Auckland City roading projects. Right: During WWII the American forces undertook the building of defences and seaplane hangers at Islington Bay. Rumours abound from old timers that wood was periodically found encased in lava-rock during quarrying or other kinds of excavations on the volcanic island.

In a harsh lava rock environment like Rangitoto significant growth of trees especially, within such stark sterility, could take many centuries, if not millenniums. The lava must first become host to blue-green bacteria that can live without soil. The pioneer plants are simple lichens and mosses that help to weather the rock, along with the forces of wind and rain, to form a thin veneer of soil (aided by bird droppings, dying insects, air-borne dust, etc.). When sufficient soil is present simple grasses can take root, leading on through various stages of shrub growth to eventually provide a meagre environment wherein tree growth is marginally possible.

In the NZ Ecological Society paper it states: 'A very recent ash shower on Rangitoto? Mr. N.H. Taylor allows an ash shower about 500-years ago over the whole island. In 1947 Mr. Healy found a Maori midden at Islington Bay, probably buried by an ash shower. A cataclysmic shower is pictured, depositing up to a metre thick of fine ash.'

In archaeological probes extending back to the late 19th century, there has been considerable evidence accrued showing long-term human occupation of Motutapu Island, which is essentially adjoined to Rangitoto. It is acknowledged that Motutapu is one of the oldest known sites in New Zealand of "Maori" occupation and archaeologist, Janet Davidson, undertook a dig there in the mid-1970's. Although several ancient burial sites were unearthed, no papers detailing the physical anthropology of the ancient people there seem to have become available (see: Davidson, J.M. 1978 The prehistory of Motutapu Island, JPS 87:327-38).

"Maori", it is purported, lived there for many generations before the last eruption of Rangitoto. Ash from the eruption buried whole villages, gardens and forests on Motutapu (Te Motutapu a Taikehu). One publication states: 'Over 300 Maori archaeological sites have been recorded - including one where the footprints of humans and a dog have been preserved in a layer of volcanic ash.'

Here again we have a major contradiction. Prior to the last eruption of Rangitoto, Motutapu Island, which would have been rendered uninhabitable during an eruption phase of Rangitoto, had enjoyed a very long period of human occupation. The last eruption spread only ash onto Motutapu, burying everything in about a metre thick layer. This indicates that Rangitoto was not going through any form of violent birthing 600-years ago, but was already a long established, dormant volcano, which was thought to pose no danger to the residents of Motutapu. The last ash deposit even covered middens on Rangitoto itself.

Until full physical anthropology and forensic analysis, including DNA results, are provided for the pre-ashfall skeletons of Motutapu, then we have no evidence that the people were Polynesian-Melanesian Maori in origin. It is far more likely that they were the pre-Maori Patu-paiarehe people, but any such information will be kept under wraps and withheld from the New Zealand public.

The NZ Ecological Society paper goes on to state: 'Geological evidence. Geologists have assessed the time available for the vegetation to develop from features of the cliffs of Motutapu Island and from the boulder beach on the north as well as from the absence of leaching and weathering on the cone. Their suggested minimum of 5000-10000 years has come down to under 1000 years, maximum 4000 years.'

From this it can be seen that there is no evidence whatsoever that Rangitoto Island emerged violently from the sea only 600-years ago and, to the contrary, all of the available evidence indicates it most certainly did not. The huge volcanic island could easily be up to 5000-years old or even older. At best our scientists can state that the volcano last erupted around 600 years ago. Weathering of fresh lava at the cone is consistent with this view, as is the present age of pohutukawa trees on the island, given the fact that several centuries of time were needed before trees could become established.

In assessing regrowth, it must also be remembered that Rangitoto Island is very susceptible to "heat soak". The danger of fires there during long spells of hot, dry summer weather is extreme. The large expanses of bare lava rock soak up huge quantities of summer heat and there have been major fires on the island in living memory, which were only dowsed by determined human intervention. It is probable that this naturally occurring factor alone has denuded the island of vegetation many times over. Fires in that "tinder box" environment could have been started by lightening strikes.

A much magnified view of the top of Rangitoto's cone, peering over the high ground of Totara Heights, Manurewa. This photograph was taken from the obelisk cluster at Bombay Hill and it's obvious that Rangitoto was one of the primary landmark targets from that carefully chosen surveying position.

Epilogue: In 2013 New Zealand scientists finally admitted that, 'new studies showed Rangitoto had been much more active in the past than previously thought, suggesting it had been active on and off for around 1000 years before the final eruptions around 550 years ago'. See:
http://www.3news.co.nz/Rangitoto-more-active-than-thought---study/tabid/423/articleID/293853/Default.aspx

SO, WHO WILL TELL US THE TRUE HISTORY OF THE AUCKLAND ISTHMUS?

I'd hazard to guess that it won't be any of our establishment archaeologists, any time between now and when hell freezes over. Likewise, our historians won't or can't, as they're so thoroughly preoccupied in pumping out Marxist dialectical pseudo history, approved by the official organs. Under present PC regimes, any failure on the part of these "spin-doctors" to churn out suitable quantities of propaganda will inevitably lead to obscurity and career suicide.

Why not let the ancient Patu-paiarehe themselves tell us the true long-term history of the region? They left sufficient information in the landscape that we can get a very well rounded appreciation of who they were, how they lived and their grasp on the astronomical and navigational sciences, which duplicates the systems encoded into landscapes of the Neolithic Age, Northern Hemisphere. All that needs to happen, therefore, is to "get off the couch" and "get out onto the hills", GPS and field notebook in hand, to "get it all worked out". It's actually quite easy, just time consuming.

Left: A New Zealand stamp attempts to portray, in surrealist imagery, the Patu-paiarehe people who lived in the country for thousands of years before the coming of the Maori warriors. Every Maori iwi (tribe) has legends about these people and the old learned elders can still point out the high country locations where the Patu-paiarehe lived. Maori described these ancient "stonebuilders" as kiri-puwhero and uru-kehu, which means people who had reddish or blond tinged hair and reddish, light complexion skin. The ancient people had blue eyes or the other hues of eye colour that are associated with Europeans. The stamp depicts the Patu-paiarehe as wearing a traditional piu-piu skirt or kilt and playing a putorino flute. All aspects of Maori culture were derived from these people as the spoils of war and conquest.

Right: This is a picture of Eden Mill in the Auckland suburb of Onehunga, after it was abandoned. It was first built by William Mason in 1843 for grinding grain. When a more efficient water powered mill was created, this windmill passed into the ownership of others including Mr. Robert Robertson in the 1860's. For over a decade, under his ownership, it was used to grind up the skeletal remains of countless generations of Patu-paiarehe into fertiliser. Many tens of thousands of skeletons were removed from the Auckland burial caves for this purpose and sold to the mill. Maori of the time had no concerns about the fate of these "Tangata Whenua" bones and openly stated to the authorities, 'Do as you wish [with these bones], for these are not our people'. Caches of these skeletons still remain around the city or on the outlying islands. In a world where proper scientific investigation was remotely possible, the skeletons of the ancient New Zealanders would be studied to determine their physical anthropology and ethnic origins.

Article in the Northern Advocate Newspaper, Wednesday 21st of December, 2005.

A new cache of "Turehu" (a subgroup of the Patu-paiarehe) bones found in the Kaipara District. The skeletons are being studied by Noel Hilliam, former Curator of the Dargaville Maritime Museum, and his team of researchers. There were, at least, three distinct physical types of Patu-paiarehe living in New Zealand, ranging from the very tall people (around 7 to 8 feet in height...2.4 metres), to people of normal stature, to the very small white pygmy people with golden-white hair and large blue eyes. The small stature Turehu were a particularly attractive childlike people with very fine features and they are referred to as "Te Whanau O Rangi" (the people of heaven) in Maori oral tradition. These small people once populated countries like Ireland and traditions concerning their occupation of the Pacific range from Tahiti to New Caledonia to New Zealand.

One of many photos taken by Noel Hilliam of the very small stature Turehu people that he and a group of experts are secretly studying. Noel's attempts to undertake proper scientific investigation in behalf of the New Zealand public are being thwarted and blockaded by the PC establishment. He is disallowed access to forensic testing facilities within New Zealand. As with all other skeletal finds of the people who lived in New Zealand for thousands of years before the coming of the Maori warriors, these remains would be destroyed if the authorities could gain access to them.

Anyone with a handheld GPS unit and computer skills, especially in architectural programs like AutoCAD or nowadays, Google Earth, can reconstruct the alignment systems still marked into the high hump hills of Auckland...sort of like "putting Humpty together again"... without the assisting ineptitude and bungling of "all the king's horses and all the king's men".

By the way, the azimuth angle around from north from the ancient Tamaki Estuary settlement at the eastern base of Mt Wellington, to the obelisk cluster on the Bombay Hills was 161.8-degrees (coding the PHI ratio @ 1.6180339 to 1)... the same as an alignment from Koru PA to Mt Taranaki's peak and the same azimuth angle extending from the centre of Stonehenge to one of the Station Stones situated on a mound.

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