• The width (top to bottom) of the diamond is 1.701 inches (red circle). There are 1701 X 4 days in the 6804 day lunar nutation cycle (major standstill to major standstill).
  
  
• The length (left to right) of the diamond is 1.458 inches (blue circle), the radius of which falls precisely upon the station to the left, but marginally short of the station to the right. This value is coding the latter era lunar Pygon adopted by the Greeks.
  
  
• A second circle (yellow) has a diameter of 1.728 inches (radius .864) and it falls precisely on the station to the right. This is one of the foremost navigational values of antiquity.

The 4 pattern line positions (edges of the 3 raised, incised humps), in 4 quadrants, comply to the following radii:

• There is positive coding for .56 inches and .55 inches radius respectively (circle diameters of 1.12 & 1.1 inches respectively), with symbolic coding for .54 inches (1.08 inches diameter). The value 56 was used copiously in Sabbatical Calendar counts for the cycles of the Sun and Moon. The value 54 was very important for tracking the cycle of the Moon with mathematical ease.
  
  
• The value 55 was very important to navigation under an "11" series of numbers and when a diameter, based upon 55 feet, is converted to a circumference it achieves 172.8 feet ("6&8" series...easily divisible within 360-degrees of arc) This goes some way toward explaining why the 1.728 inch code appears (left to right) in one of two centre diamond diameter codes. This relationship between a diameter based upon 55 feet, converting to a 172.8 circumference (using a navigational rendition of PI @ 3.141818182) was, obviously, much exploited in ancient chart plotting at sea. Alternatively, a diameter based upon 56 feet ("7&8" series) converts to 176 feet ("11" series...when using the PI rendition of 3.142857143 or 22/7). This is why the British preserved the concept of 1760 yards in a mile...traceable back to before King Athelstan (circa 939AD), who, in his day, used the ancient "11" series measurements to create a "protective zone" around his person called "The Kings Girth".
  
  
• .5184 inches radius (1.0368 inches diameter). This extremely important number was multi-use and, obviously, featured prominently in navigational chart plotting, where the straight line distance of 1 league (16500 feet) converts to a circumference of 51840 feet (easily divisible by 360-degrees).
  
  
• .48 inches radius (.96 inches diameter). Again, a very important breakdown value in 360-degrees or as a fluid mathematical progression.
  
  
• .44 inches radius (.88 inches diameter). An important "11" series navigational number. There were 440 Egyptian Royal Cubits of 20.61818182 inches each in the length of the Great Pyramid. (756 feet).

OTHER INCH RADIUS CODES AT THE 2ND, 3RD AND 4TH PATTERN POINTS (INNER DIAMOND).

The lozenge was a memory device, used for the recall of numerical values. It seems that, like an accountant's ledger book, it should tally up between at least 3 station points in each quadrant... those stations being:

• The overall distance from the centre to the most extreme outer pattern point.
  
  
• The overall distance from the most extreme pattern point back to the centre of the owl's eye.
  
  
• The short distance from the centre of the lozenge to the centre of the owl's eye.

Certainly, the distance of length, pattern point to pattern point across the entire lozenge, seems to have been set at a recognisable, accumulative, coded value. However, it's unlikely that this tremendously difficult to achieve design feature had to apply to every consecutive coded distance amongst the inner diamonds, as the codes fall into quite different number families. An "11" series number is unlikely to produce a significant ratio value, for example, when added to a "6&7" series number, etc. It seems more likely that circle geometry coded values were achieved from the "owl eyes" stations, then subtlety adjusted to give the most precise possible mnemonic readings from other stations. The reader of the lozenge would visually detect, for example, that a station sat at .79 of an inch from a fulcrum station and would immediately think of 7920 leagues...the equatorial circumference of the Earth under the "11" series system. A station hovering around 1.57 would mean 1.575 and 1.5708 simultaneously, the full numbers having been learned by rote and repetition from "Masters of the Craft".

LEFT SIDE OF THE LOZENGE.

• The overall distance from the centre of the lozenge to the outer pattern point was 3.6 inches. This was coding 360-degrees of arc. The return distance from the outer pattern point to the centre of the owl's eye was 2.916 inches. This value is 1/2 of 5.832 inches, which was related to the Roman "lunar" Pace @ 58.32 inches or the Greek lunar Pygon @ 14.58 inches (5 X 2.916 inches = 14.58 inches). The overall length of the Bush Barrow Lozenge was meant to be 7.29 inches, which is 2.916 X 2.5 inches (1/2 a Greek Pygon or 1/8th of a Roman Pace). The difference, therefore, between the overall distance to the outer pattern point and the distance back to the centre of the owl's eye is .684 inches. Half this value is 3.42. At Stonehenge one of the Station Stones was carefully placed at 342-degrees azimuth from site centre. 180-degrees opposed to that position was another Station Stone at 162-degrees azimuth. The mnemonic use of this value appears to be related to setting out a 360-degree circle into 20 positions with a spread of 18-degrees of arc, or 40 positions with a spread of 9 degrees of arc. The two remaining stations on the lozenge that haven't been mentioned, appear to be coded at .792 ("11" series navigation) and .729 or .729166666 (lunar or overland) inches respectively.

THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE LOZENGE.

• There are two sets of coded values to consider on this side of the lozenge. One set relates directly to the length of the Menkaure Pyramid of the Giza Plateau and the other relates to half the base length of the Khafre Pyramid of the Giza Plateau. The most extreme pattern point marking complies to a position of 3.564 inches from the centre of the lozenge. Menkaure Pyramid was 356.4 feet long.
  
  
• The "close proximity" overall distance from the centre of the lozenge to a marked intersection near the most extreme pattern point was coded to be 3.54375 inches. This is in homage to the lunar year @ 354.375 days. The return distance from the outer pattern point to the eye of the owl was 2.835 inches. The Khafre Pyramid (Egypt's pyramid of the Moon) had a base perimeter length of 2835 feet, or 4 sides @ 708.75 feet each (15/16ths the length of the Great Pyramid @ 756 feet). Half of 708.75 is 354.375 (the number of days in a lunar year). The difference, therefore, between the overall distance and the distance back to the owl's eye is .70875 inches (the distance from the centre of the lozenge to the owl's eye station)...2.835 + .70875 = 3.54375. The two remaining pattern points by the owl's eye that haven't been mentioned, appear to be .81 (rounded PHI & true PHI) and .756 inches, respectively.

THE OVERALL LENGTH OF THE LOZENGE, OUTER TIP TO OUTER TIP.

Although measurements supplied by Mr. Paul Robinson of the Devizes Museum are only correct to the last millimetre (+ or -), it can be safely assumed that the astronomer/ artisan who fabricated the lozenge intended that it achieve a length of 7.29 inches. From the centre of the lozenge to the left end point should have achieved 3.6525 inches. This was in homage to the solar year @ 365.25 days. The length, therefore, requires that the distance from the outmost pattern point to the end exterior point be .0525 inches. This very important increment was the basis of many ancient measurement systems and, on the inner rim of the Sarsen Circle lintels at Stonehenge, 5.25 inches represented 1/2 a degree of arc.

The length to the right from the centre of the lozenge could be read in two main ways. It was either 3.564 inches + .081 inches or 3.54375 inches + .09375 inches. The 9375 mathematical progression was very important to compass and lunar determinations or navigation under the "11" series of numbers.

The entire diameter, in inches, is read as a string of accumulative codes in any of the following, perfect combinations of significant ancient numbers and useful ratio values:

• .0525 + 2.916 + .684 + .70875 + 2.835 + .09375 = 7.29 inches (1/2 a Greek Pygon), or:
• .0525 + 3.6 + 3.54375 +.09375 = 7.29 inches, or:
• .0525 + 3.6 + 3.564 + .0735 = 7.29 inches, or:
• 3.6 + 3.564 + 1.26 = 7.29 inches or:
• 7.29 ÷ 2 = 3.645 - 3.54375 = .10125 or
• 7.29 ÷ 2 = 3.645 - 3.6 = .045, or:
• .0525 + 3.6 = 3.6525 (solar year = 365.25 days)...left side total, or:
• .070875 + 2.835 = 3.54375...length extending to a significant pattern point...(lunar year = 354.375 days).

There is some clever sharing, juggling or substitution of coded values to the left & right or overall, which introduces many very important mathematical progression values, like .10125 (lunar, navigation). The fact that every number in the above list was essential to ancient lunar, solar or navigational functions suggests strongly that this was the ancient, combined set of numbers built into the length of the Bush Barrow lozenge.

THE TOP OF THE LOZENGE TO THE BOTTOM.

It seems obligatory that the width of the Bush Barrow Lozenge and the length of the Clandon Barrow Lozenge were meant to be 6.18034 inches, outer edge to outer edge. The true dimension, in each case, might have been set to what was visually achievable at around 6.18 inches. This value (based upon PHI...10 inches ÷ 1.6180339) was the foundation formula for the fabrication of all "official" ancient circular volume vessels used by the cousin nations of the Mediterranean and, by association, Europe. By use of this value, all "official standard" vessels, cups or tubs would equate to exact cubic measures. Those exact and precise volumes could then be transferred (poured) into other robust, sturdy, conveniently shaped and sized "amphora" jars, used for trading liquid or dry measure goods around the Mediterranean Basin, or overland across Continental Europe and Africa. The Bush Barrow and Clandon Barrow lozenges, conceivably, were used for checking the integrity of "bushel" volume tubs in the ancient Wessex marketplaces to ensure that merchants were dispensing correct measures to their customers. A correct bushel tub would accommodate exactly 3 widths of the Bush Barrow Lozenge or 3 lengths of the Clandon Barrow Lozenge across its circular base.

THE REMAINING 3 CODES AT THE TOP OF THE INNER DIAMOND.

• .6804 (lunar nutation), .63 ("6&7" series navigation, etc.), .5832 (lunar).

THE REMAINING CODES AT THE BOTTOM OF THE INNER DIAMOND.

• .6875 ("11" series navigation), .64 ("8" series, compass), .594 (Menkaure Pyramid, navigation).

Beyond the foregoing diameters listed for circles within this section, individual values can be multiplied or divided by companion values to create square inch areas or ratios for use in astronomical or navigational determinations

.

The diameter width (red circle) of the 2nd diamond is 3.024 inches. This width is in homage to the perimeter value of the Great Pyramid (3024 feet...1/2 a minute of Earth equatorial circumference arc under the pyramid's "6&7" geodetic system....or 3025 feet...1/2 a minute of arc under the "11" series system). The length of the diamond (blue circle) is 3.52 inches (1.76 radius). This is accentuating the "11" series navigational system, incorporating the league (16500 feet), mile (5280 feet), furlong (660 feet), chain (66 feet), rod/ perch (16.5 feet), fathom (5.5 feet) and link (7.92 inches). The yellow circle, sitting adjacent to the outer blue circle, is 3.5 inches wide (1.75 radius). This code would also have been included, as it provides an important conversion ratio for elevating 7th segments of a 360 degree circle into whole number values in a 630-degree circle. Therefore, 51.42857143 -degrees X 1.75 = 90.

The 4 pattern line positions (edges of the 3 raised, incised humps), in 4 quadrants, comply to the following radii:

• The outermost pattern line is touched by a circle (blue) of 1.134 inches. The circle has a diameter, therefore, of 2.268 inches. The Great Pyramid is 756 feet per side and a total of 3 sides equates to 2268 feet. This is a very important lunar code and 3 X 2268 = 6804...the duration in days of the lunar nutation cycle. The width of the Station Stones rectangle at Stonehenge is 113.4 feet and carries the nutation cycle code also.
  
  
• The second pattern line is touched by a circle of 1.1 inches radius or 2.2 diameter. This is "11" series coding. The circular design width of the Sarsen Circle at Stonehenge was 110 feet, although it was made slightly elliptical to achieve 113.4 feet from 225-degrees azimuth to 45-degrees azimuth.
  
  
• The third pattern line is touched by a circle of 1.066666 inches radius or 2.1333333 inches diameter. This was a simple conversion ratio for 15/16ths. The Great Pyramid's length @ 756 feet ÷ 1.0666666 = 708.75 feet (the length of the Khafre Pyramid).
  
  
• The fourth pattern line is touched by a circle of 1.03090909 inches or 2.061818182 inches diameter. This circle is of extreme importance and means upwards of 6 things simultaneously. This circle is in homage to the equatorial circumference of the Earth and the 6 major types of Egyptian Royal Cubits that carried the equatorial circumference formula in their lengths. This is what they did:

SYSTEM 1. AN EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE OF 25000 MILES.

The rod for this system would be 20.833333 inches X 1200 = 25000 (read as miles).

The 25000-mile circumference concept was, probably, only ever a convenient way of describing the approximate circumference of the Earth. Under this calibration the Earth would be 132000000 feet in equatorial circumference, which is an excess on the modern, accepted circumference (24902-miles) by 98-miles.

SYSTEM 2: AN EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE OF 24883.2-MILES.

The rod for this system would be 20.736 inches X 1200 = 24883.2 (read as miles).

This is, plausibly, the ancient "true" size of the equatorial circumference (12 X 12 X 12 X 12 X 1.2-miles). One second of arc for this circumference would be 101.376 feet, and that's the width of the stybolite platform upon which the Parthenon of Athens sits. Ancient surveying markers, still intact in the Waitapu Valley of Northern New Zealand, sit 12441.6 feet distant from each other (12441.6 X 2 = 24883.2). These were anciently erected by New Zealand's now extinct "Stonebuilder" population.

SYSTEM 3: AN EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE OF 24857.95455-MILES.

The rod for this system would be 20.71496212 inches X 1200 = 24857.95455 (read as miles).

This is a shared Egyptian, Greek and Roman system that works in progressions of the number "7". It seems to be founded upon 5000 Egyptian Atur of 26250 feet each (5 Greek miles). One of the concepts of ancient metrology, which survived into mediaeval times, was that 75 Roman miles represented 1-degree of arc for the world, although scholars of the time had, seemingly, no lingering knowledge of the actual, former length of a Roman foot...until professor of geometry, John Greaves did a careful reassessment, in Rome, in 1639AD.

If we multiply a foot of 11.66666 inches X 5000 we get a Roman mile of 58333.3333-inches (or 1000 Roman Paces). If 75 such Roman miles represent 1-degree of arc for the world, then that equates to 4375000-inches or 364583.33333 British feet of 12-inches each. This value, multiplied by 360 = 131250000 British feet or 135000000 Roman feet. These lengths are also 12500000 Hebrew Reeds of 10.5 feet each or 125000000 Greek feet of 12.6-inches each. Essentially, this very plausible coded representation for the size of the Earth is a purely "7" series way of calibrating the equatorial circumference. The sum of 131250000 feet equals 24857.955455 British miles, 27000 Roman miles or 25000 Greek miles. This same circumference was probably 5000 Egyptian Atur of 26250 British feet each. The 131250000 British feet calibration does not work at all well according to the 5280 feet mile, which is an "11" series numerical progression. It does, however, break down very well into degrees, minutes and seconds of arc under the Egyptian, Assyrian, Greek, Hebrew or Roman "7" series measurement increments.

SYSTEM 4: AN EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE OF 24750-MILES.

The rod for this system would be 20.625 inches X 1200 = 24750 (read as miles).

This was, undoubtedly, a much used system and the most popular for "straight line" sailing, as it's founded upon an "11" series of numbers and became the basis of the ancient British league (16500 feet), mile (5280 feet), furlong (660 feet), chain (66 feet), rod/ perch (16.5 feet), fathom (formerly 5.5 feet) and link (7.92 inches) measurement system. Under this early Egyptian system the Great Pyramid was considered to have a base perimeter of 3025 feet (55 squared) instead of 3024 feet. This method of reading the Great Pyramid required the symbolic elongation of each side by 3 inches, such that they would comply to "11" series numbers and 3025 feet was called 1/2 a minute of equatorial circumference arc for the Earth.

SYSTEM 5: AN EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE OF 24741.81818-MILES.

The rod for this system would be 20.61818182 inches X 1200 = 24741.81818 (read as miles).

This is the "literal" Great Pyramid system for calibrating the size of the Earth in a combined "6 & 7" mathematical progression reading (based upon the number 42). It appears to have been the most used system, in consideration of the "6& 7" measuring capability built into all known measurement standards of the ancient Mediterranean Basin. Although the "7" based measurements disappeared from general use in Britain during the latter Christian era, the "6" and "11" based measurements remained. The ancient "7" based Mediterranean measurements are found, however, to be strongly represented in the Bush Barrow and Clandon Barrow lozenges, indicating that such measurements were alive and well in England when the lozenges were fabricated.

Under the "6 & 7" system the Great Pyramid's perimeter was read as 3024 feet and this represented 1/2 a minute of equatorial arc for the Earth. The circumference of the Earth was read as 130636800 feet and this broke down very fluidly into degrees (362880 feet...the literal perimeter measurement of the Great Pyramid was 36288 inches), minutes (6048 feet...two circuits of the Great Pyramid was 6084 feet) and seconds (100.8 feet... the inner diameter of one section of the slightly elliptical Sarsen circle at Stonehenge is 100.8 feet). The 6, 7, and 11 systems were wonderful to navigate by, converting linear distances covered into easily decipherable chart plotting circles that would break down into degrees, minutes and seconds of arc. Under these systems, calculating degree angles from point of departure to destination was simple to accomplish and the relative position of the ship could always be known.

SYSTEM 6: AN EQUATORIAL CIRCUMFERENCE OF 24711.79047-MILES.

The rod for this system would be 20.59315873 inches X 1200 = 24711.79047 (read as miles).

The Great Pyramid was built in such a way that all of its dimensions could be read (symbolically) according to PHI increments. The literal dimensions of the Great Pyramid break down into increments of 1.62 inches and the PHI ratio is 1.6180339 (rounding upward to 1.62). This duality of reading is found on many European/ Mediterranean/ Indus Valley/ American/ Oceanic monuments of antiquity, where the dimensions can be read in either rounded PHI or pure PHI increments. This is certainly true of Stonehenge. The Great Pyramid's length could be read as 280 rounded Megalithic Yards (of 32.4 inches...756 feet...literal length) or 280 true Megalithic Yards of 32.360678 inches (755.0824867 feet...symbolic PHI length). This would mean that 1/2 a minute of equatorial arc, under the pyramid's pure PHI assignment, would be 3020.329947 feet.

The PHI ratio was difficult to work with, due to the complex numbers it produced, nevertheless the ancient mathematicians found several methods to "tame" PHI and one of these was to use (at least) "rounded PHI" in all or most major building applications. Many statuettes or panels of antiquity incorporated pure PHI dimensions. The majority of circles at Stonehenge (except where carrying other types of coding...such as in the case of "Z" Holes) are in a pure PHI relationship to each other, but reduce in whole number diameters (466, 288, 178, 110 feet respectively, etc.) in a clever numerical manipulation of PHI.

This is a picture of the huge Octagon of Newark Ohio, redrawn exactly to scale in AutoCAD over an official survey map. The 1958 survey was conducted by Abrams Aerial Survey Corporation of Lansing, Michigan for the City of Newark, Ohio. The official survey charts were donated to this researcher for "Octagon analysis" by researcher Patricia Mason of Newark, Ohio http://greatserpentmound.org/articles/giants.html . The coloured lines appearing on this above drawing show how the selfsame angle, length and Earth equatorial values, encoded in micro-scale within the Clandon Barrow and Bush Barrow lozenges, were encoded in macro-scale within the giant Octagon, geometric earth embankment complex. Here's an explanation of what the coloured lines mean:

• The red line, running up diagonally from the lower left to the upper right, is on an azimuth angle of 51.84-degrees. This is exactly the same degree angle as one arm of the central crosses of both the Clandon Barrow and Bush Barrow lozenges.
  
  
• The red line, referred to, runs for exactly 2835 feet from a specially formed, small alcove at the front of the altar, to the uttermost extremities of the site. The line stops precisely at a central point of the gateway, in line with the outer edge of the converging mounds to each side. The Khafre Pyramid @ 708.75 feet per side has a perimeter value of 2835 feet. This distance, in feet, would represent, in days, 8 lunar years of 354.375 days each.
  
  
• The overall length of the whole Octagon complex ( from the rear of the altar to the extremity postion of the gate) was coded to be 2880 feet. The Aubrey Circle at Stonehenge is 288 feet in diameter and this is one of the most dynamic values of antiquity, occurring on many sites.
  
  
• Just as 2835 is a lunar code, so also is 1701 (the diamonds housing the St. Andrew's Cross arms on both the Clandon Barrow and Bush Barrow lozenges were encased within circles of 1.701 inches). The value 1701 is coding 1/4th of the lunar nutation cycle of 6804-days.
  
  
• The red line running up to the left from a small circle complex, adjacent to the Octagon, is on an azimuth angle of 311.04-degrees. This is exactly the same degree angle as one arm of the central crosses of both the Clandon Barrow and Bush Barrow lozenges.
  
  
• The red line just mentioned runs for 1313.83296 feet (AutoCAD generated), brushing the edge of a specially built earth peninsula, to touch the nose position of the 2nd tier of the small mound. Although the present, dilapidated state of the small mound, after, possibly, thousands of years of neglect and erosion, might show 2 feet of error in the reading, the intended distance code was, originally, 100000th of the "true" equatorial circumference of the Earth @ 24883.2 miles (12 X 12 X 12 X 12 X 1.2 miles) or 131383296 feet.
  
  
• The azimuth angle of this red line is 311.04-degrees. With the world equatorial circumference set at 24883.2-miles, a 1/8th segment would be 3110.4-miles.
  
  
• From the centre of the circle embankment component of the Octagon to the centre of the octagonal component, the distance is 1555.2 feet. This is half of 3110.4 feet and, if feet were substituted for miles, 1555.2 miles would represent a 1/16th segment of the "true" equatorial circumference of the Earth.

THE EQUATORIAL CODES FALLING ONTO THE SMALL MOUND PENINSULA AT THE OCTAGON.

• The largest value encountered in sites or artefacts, describing the equatorial circumference of the Earth, is 25000 miles or 132000000 feet. As stated, this seems to be based upon an Egyptian Royal Cubit of 20.8333333 inches length. Under such a system, 1/8th of the circumference would be 3125 miles. In accordance with the system used to code the 24883.2-mile system, a line (yellow) is sent out for 1320 feet at an azimuth angle of 312.5-degrees. The line touches the base tier of the small mound. This position was, undoubtedly, once marked by a stone at the Octagon. It's interesting to note that "Z" Holes, at Stonehenge, is 132 feet in diameter and that an ancient league (16500 feet) was 3.125 miles.
  
  
• A Roman calibration for the equatorial circumference was 131250000 feet (27000 Roman Miles, 25000 Greek Miles, 24857.95455 British miles or 5000 Egyptian Atur). A line (green) is sent out for 1312.5 feet at an azimuth angle of 310.724-degrees. It nicely dissects the earth peninsula appendage, which seems to have been built specifically to accommodate the 24883.2-mile coding brushing to the peninsula side.

THE GATEWAY CODES AT THE OCTAGON.

The primary purpose of the small mound was related to special codes running between the other small inner mounds and this geodetic coding seems to have been a secondary function. The more generally used Earth equatorial circumference codes, lending themselves very fluidly to world navigation, were separated out and placed into the gateway. These were accompanied by the PHI equatorial coding system, which was probably only ever used in certain scientific calculations to do with PHI harmonics in nature (the way nature works). Let's look at these other systems, situated over in the gateway.

• The "11" series was a marvelous mathematical system that worked in conjunction with the "6&7" system. If the "11" system was to be used for straight line sailing, then the circumference generated by it would be "6" based (and perfectly divisible by 360-degrees). The "11" system described the Earth as 7920 leagues or 24750 miles. It appears to be coded as 1452 feet at the Octagon (.088 leagues, .275 miles, 2.2 furlongs, 22 chains, 88 rods/ perches, 264 fathoms or 2200 links). A 1/8th segment of 24750 feet is 3093.75 miles and the coded position would have sat at 309.375-degrees azimuth accordingly. This limit falls to the centre nose line of the gateway mounds to each side, with the line terminating right of centre.
  
  
• The "6&7" geodetic coding extends to the outer line of the gateway mounds at 1458 feet (1200 Greek lunar Pygons of 14.58 inches each or 300 Roman Paces of 58.32 inches each. This length was also 900 "rounded" PHI feet (1.62 feet) or 10800 "rounded" PHI inches. The 1458 feet distance would be 1/89600ths of the equatorial circumference under the Great Pyramid "6&7" assignment. It can also be represented as 1458.333333 feet, which would have been more common in overland measurements, as its companion measurement 1458 was for lunar coding. The line sits just right of centre in the gateway.
  
  
• The "6&7" system doubles as a "rounded" PHI system, as shown, but there was a "pure" PHI system as well, probably used in assessing growth attributes of plants and harmonic aspects within nature (further research might tell us more about how advanced those concepts were within the ancient sciences). Under this assignment, the Earth would have been viewed as having an equatorial circumference of 24711.79048 miles. A 1/8th segment of the Earth, under this calibration. would be 3088.9738 miles. Our coded line, therefore goes out on an azimuth angle of 308.89738-degrees. Whereas the 1458 feet measurement was 10800 "rounded" PHI inches, this one will be 10800 "true" PHI inches of 1.6180339 inches each, or 1456.2305 feet. This line extends slightly to the exterior of the gateway embankments and just left of centre. It also, plausibly, would once have been marked with a stone.

Lines within the Octagon, originating at the centre of a very important, small embankment circle situated exterior to the Octagon. The black line represents the PHI coding of the equatorial circumference. The blue line represents the Great Pyramid's "6&7" equatorial assignment. The magenta line represents the "11" series equatorial assignment. The Green line represents the "Roman" "7" series equatorial assignment. The red line represents the "true" equatorial assignment. The yellow line represents the largest assignment of 25000 miles.

THE DIAMOND POINTS ON THE BUSH BARROW LOZENGE... TO THE LEFT.

• Radius measurements to the 3 stations not mentioned are 1.71 (compass), 1.666666 (3,4,5 triangle) and 1.6180339 (PHI) inches respectively.

THE DIAMOND POINTS TOP.

• Radius measurements to the 3 stations not mentioned are 1.458 (lunar), 1.4 (calendar, navigation), 1.3608 (lunar nutation) inches respectively.

THE DIAMOND POINTS TO THE RIGHT.

• Radius measurements to the 3 stations not mentioned are 1.71 (compass), 1.666666 (3,4,5 triangle) and 1.6180339 (PHI) inches respectively.

THE DIAMOND POINTS BOTTOM.

• Radius measurements to the 3 stations not mentioned are 1.458 (lunar), 1.4 (calendar, navigation), 1.3608 (lunar nutation) inches respectively.

Moving outward to the next diamond, which gives 3 closely associated codes in the width of the diamond top to bottom (combined circles blue, yellow, green). The code to the top of the diamond is 2.24 inches radius. This value provides a mathematical progression that applies to navigation under the Great Pyramid "6&7" Earth equatorial circumference assignment. A progression incorporating 2240 was adopted by King Henry VII after 1527 AD for the new English ton and associated weights, which had also been used earlier in Egypt. The ancient Egyptians used a "Sep" of 7000 grains, the same as King Henry VII's pound.

The 4 outer points of the diamond swing close to the zigzagging "V" chevrons and stations on the points of the chevrons provide 2 further dynamic codes. One of these is 2.25 inches, which was used copiously in the 360-degree compass system. The sum of 22.5-degrees would be 1/8th of a 360-degree circle.

Perhaps the most important value, positively coded into this section, is a circle (green) with a radius of 2.268 inches (4.536 inches diameter). The circle sweeps to the points of the chevron, top and bottom and has been very carefully encoded. The Great Pyramid's flat altar floor was mathematically calculated to sit at a vertical height of 453.6 feet. A rule of 3,4,5 triangles was applied to achieve this height, wherein the pyramid's base length (756 feet) was divided by 1.66666 to achieve 453.6 feet. In all 3,4,5 triangles one side will always be 1.666666 less than the hypotenuse. It is in the pyramid's length assignments, as opposed to it's vertical height assignments, that the codes for the size of the Earth are found, as well as the formula for correctly fashioning individual Egyptian Royal Cubits that comply to particular Earth size assignments in different number families.

The radius length of the diamond is 2.66666 inches or 5.333333 inches in diameter (red circle). It will be remembered that the 1.0666666 ratio (15/16ths conversion formula) was very important to ancient astronomers and 5.333333 is half of 10.6666666. This same width aspect of the diamond was also read as 2.64 inches radius and 5.28 inches diameter (yellow circle), for coding the "11" series overland distance system (5280 feet in a mile).

The 4 pattern line positions (edges of the 3 raised, incised humps), in 4 quadrants, comply to the following radii:

• 1.728 inches radius (3.456 inches diameter). This is a tremendously important navigational number. The diameter of Silbury Hill in Southern England was intended to convey 550 feet to produce a circumference of 1728 feet (using PI @ 3.141818182). The outer rim of the Sarsen Circle at Stonehenge was intended to convey 345.6 feet, base upon a diameter of 110 feet. This relationship between an "11" series diameter producing a "6" series circumference (divisible by 360-degrees) would have been the basis of chart plotting by navigators traversing the open seas in antiquity. We know ancient European/ Mediterranean peoples got as far afield as New Zealand (the far Isles of the Earth) thousands of years ago, as they left their code bearing structures all over the landscape. It is from the ancient New Zealand structures that this researcher has relearned the mathematical principles, whereby the Bush Barrow and Clandon Barrow lozenges of the Northern Hemisphere can be deciphered.
  
  
• Another diamond pattern line (bottom left) complies to a circle radius of 1.75 inches and closely complies to 1.76, which it would have also, mnemonically, represented. The 1.75 ratio was used to elevate difficult 7th readings in a 360-degree arena to easy to read whole numbers in a 630-degree arena. The Brasen Sea calculator in the Temple of Solomon outer courtyard was a 630 degree calculator, as was the Sarsen Circle inner rim at Stonehenge (circumference 315 feet or 630 feet ÷ 2). The 1.76 coding refers, of course, to "11" series navigation. A diameter based upon a "7&8" number like 56 will produce an "11" series circumference like 176 using the PI rendition of 22/7 (3.142857143).
  
  
• The second circle (red), falling upon the 2nd pattern line of the diamond on 3 sides has a radius of 1.6875 inches or a diameter of 3.375 inches. A progression based upon 1.6875 produces many useful lunar, calendar or compass values.
  
  
• Another pattern line at the bottom left allows for a reading of 1.71 or 1.71875 inches respectively. These values produce reasonably useful progressions related to 18 degree segments in a 360 degree circuit (1.71 progression) or values used in "11" series navigation.
  
  
• The third pattern line (blue) is brushed by a circle of 1.65 inches radius (3.3 inches diameter). This is, of course, related to "11" series navigation and the rod/ perch was 16.5 feet or the ancient league 16500 feet...3.125 miles.
  
  
• Another pattern line at the bottom left complies to a circle radius of 1.68 feet or diameter of 3.36 inches. A mathematical progression based upon 1.68 will produce values that are very important to navigation under the Great Pyramid "6&7" series assignment (based upon the number 42). There was an early Israelite cubit of 1.68 inches. 3,4,5 triangles with an adjacent of 126 feet, an opposite of 168 feet and a hypotenuse of 210 feet were used at Stonehenge between the posts of the Aubrey Circle. The triangles, which would have been formed by ropes brushing the posts, were for calculating the azimuth angles of stars alighting onto the embankments. See: http://www.celticnz.co.nz/US16.html
  
  
• The fourth pattern line is brushed by a circle of 1.62 inches radius or 3.24 inches diameter. This is a rounded PHI increment and means 1.6180339 and 3.2360678 inches respectively as well. The measurement interval found by Professor Alexander Thom on ancient, weatherworn British monument sites and dubbed by him as the "Megalithic Yard" was, undoubtedly, (originally) a PHI based increment of 32.360678 inches. Thom averaged it to 82.9 centimetres (32.637795 inches).

THE OTHER PATTERN POINT CODES

The length of the 3rd outward diamond is, as stated, 5.33333 inches, for a radius of 2.666666 inches. The other stations are:

• 2.625 inches radius (5.25 inches diameter). This is the base increment of the reed (126 inches) much used in lunisolar calendar calculations. The latter Greek measurement system was mostly based upon 525. Their mile was 5250 feet. This position is dual coded and can also mean 2.618. This number provides a mathematical progression leading to 31.416. PI is 3.1416.
  
  
• 2.57142857 inches radius (5.142857143 inches diameter). These values are not as difficult as they look and are simply expressions of 7th segments of 360-degrees. For calendar work, especially, circles had to be divided up and read in 7ths. The diameter in this case (5.142857143 inches) is expressing 1/70th of 360-degrees.
  
  
• 2.52 inches radius (5.04 inches diameter). The Great Pyramid @ 756 feet is 3 X 252 feet. The Assyrian Royal Cubit was 25.2 inches and the Greek foot used in most applications was half that value @ 12.6 inches. These values were very useful in navigation and also for calculating lunar periods within the lunar nutation cycle and the Sabbatical Calendar.

The width of the 3rd outward diamond is, as stated 4.48 inches, for a radius of 2.24 inches. The other stations are:

• 2.2 inches radius (4.4 inches diameter). These increments refer, of course, to "11" series navigation.
  
  
• 2.16 inches radius (4.32 inches diameter). The Great Pyramid @ 756 feet was 432 Hebrew/ Celtic Royal Cubits of 21 inches each in length. In the Precession of the Equinoxes (25920 years) the Sun spends 2160 years in each house of the zodiac. The Moon is 2160 miles in diameter.
  
  
• 2.112 inches radius (4.224 inches diameter). These values are expressions of the "11" series mile @ 5280 feet and 21120 feet would be 4 miles.

The final section of the Bush Barrow Lozenge. We have already discussed the string of codes running through the length of the lozenge and will now discuss the width codes, top to bottom. The overall distance (red circle) was 6.1804 inches. The upper tip of the lozenge, especially, appears to be slightly rounded and it would appear to have suffered some impact damage. If one follows the natural edge lines on each side, they indicate that a slight elongation of the lozenge is reasonable to bring it to a much improved point. Here's how the code string runs from top to bottom.

• Overall distance = 6.1804 inches (PHI related code for correct fabrication of volume vessels).
• Distance from the centre to the top outer edge, coded to be 3.07 inches (used as 3.072"... navigation).
• Distance from the centre to the top pattern point = 2.9866666 inches (special conversion ratio).
• Distance from the outer edge to the top pattern point = .08333333 inches (3,4,5 triangle code).
• Distance from the top pattern point to the centre of the owl's eye = 2.4 inches (compass, calendar).
• Distance from the centre to the owl's eye = .586666666 inches ("11 series navigation).
• Distance from the centre to the bottom outer edge = 311.04 inches (true equatorial circumference 1/8th code).
• Distance from the centre to the bottom pattern point = 3.024 inches (Great Pyramid, 1/2 minute of arc).
• Distance from the bottom outer edge to the bottom pattern point = .0864 inches (solar, navigational).
• Distance from the bottom pattern point to the owl's eye = 2.43 inches (lunar nutation cycle, Sabbatical Calendar).
• Distance from the centre to the bottom owl's eye = .594 inches (Menkaure Pyramid, "11" series navigation).

CIRCLES TOUCHING THE OUTERMOST DIAMOND PATTERN LINES.

• 2.4 inches radius (4.8 inches diameter). This circle (blue) sweeps to the outer edge of the lozenge.
  
  
• 2.304 inches radius (4.608 inches diameter). This circle sweeps to the outermost pattern line. It carries a very important "11.52" code, much used in antiquity. The Great Pyramid had a base length of 756 feet, a side diagonal length of 576 feet and a flat top altar that was 44 feet square. Therefore, the area of each face was 230400 square feet, or 8 Egyptian acres of 28800 square feet each. The Menkaure Pyramid, under its PHI assignment, was 11.52 Pyramid acres for all faces and the area occupied by the base.
  
  
• 2.268 inches radius (4.536 inches diameter). Three sides of the Great Pyramid (756 feet per side) = 2268 feet (lunar code). The vertical height of the Great Pyramid to the top of its altar floor was 453.6 feet (lunar and navigation).
• 2.24 inches radius (4.48 inches diameter). This value was used in navigation under the Great Pyramid "6&7" assignment. It was also used for lunar calculations.
  
  
• 2.2 inches radius (4.4 inches diameter). This value was used in "11" series navigation.

THE PATTERN POINT CODES.

At the outermost pattern point sets, the artisan, engaged in marking the gold sheet, added considerable extra coding. This was done by allowing a diagonal line, coming from the left or right, to not meet at a common intersection. A line coming up from the left, for example, might terminate at a slightly more outlying position. It's obvious that the astronomer/ artisan was "packing in" as many close proximity codes as possible. Here are the identifiable codes residing in each quadrant:

LEFT POINTS @ 270-DEGREES.

• 3.6 inches radius (7.2 inches diameter). The position was dual coded to also mean 3.571428571 inches. Again, this number isn't as difficult to conceive of as it might first appear, and is simply a "7th" expression within 360-degrees. Under the ancient Earth equatorial circumference assignment a distance of 100.8 feet was 1 second of arc. 360-degrees ÷ 100.8 = 3.571428571-degrees. In a "7" series compass, based upon 630-degrees (like the inner rim of the Sarsen Circle at Stonehenge), this position would be 6.25-degrees (3.571428571 X 1.75).
  
  
• 3.52 inches radius (7.04 inches diameter). This value relates to the "11" series navigational system.
  
  
• 3.4722222 inches (6.944444). This relates to an Earth equatorial circumference system based upon an Egyptian Royal Cubit of 20.833333 inches. Under this system the Earth was considered to be 25000 miles in circumference. The position was dual coded to also mean 3.456 inches (6.912 inches diameter). This relates to the "true" equatorial circumference, which uses an Egyptian Royal Cubit of 1.728 feet (20.736 inches), for a circumference of 24883.2 miles. The outer rim of the Sarsen Circle at Stonehenge was 345.6 feet in circumference.
  
  
• 3.402 inches radius (6.804 inches diameter). There are 6804 days in the lunar nutation cycle, major standstill to major standstill.

TOP POINTS @ 0 - 360-DEGREES.

• 2.9866666 inches radius (5.97333333 inches diameter). This is a special ratio used for working in a compass circle of 56 positions (like the 56 posts of the Aubrey Circle at Stonehenge) 56 ÷ 2.98666666 = 18.75. The Great Pyramid's perimeter 3024 feet ÷ 2.9866666 = 1012.5 (a very useful lunar value). Application of this ratio turns the perimeter of the Great Pyramid into a lunar or Sabbatical Calendar calculator, based upon 56 positions (7 X 8...28 X 2). This station on the lozenge would have been double coded to also mean 2.97 and relate to readings in "11" series and "rounded PHI" (1.62) simultaneously A combination of these values was encoded into the base dimensions of Menkaure Pyramid. That pyramid had a design length of 356.4 feet or 12 X 2.97 feet. The length also equates to 220 X 1.62 feet. The way the pyramid was designed allowed it to be read in either rounded PHI (1.62) or "pure" PHI (1.6180339) increments. The exact dimensional PHI ratio relationship that existed between the Aubrey Circle and "Y" Holes at Stonehenge, also existed between Menkaure Pyramid's side diagonal length to the apex and half the base length (under the pure PHI assignment of 288 feet to 178 feet)... 178 X 1.6180339 = 288.
  
  
• 2.9333333 inches radius (5.866666 inches diameter). This relates to "11" series navigation using the mile @ 5280 feet.
  
  
• 2.888888 inches radius (5.777777) inches diameter). This is a "13" based progression used in calendar calculations. The Sabbatical Calendar ran for 7 full years without correction, based upon 13 months of 28 days per year (364 days). The solar cycle would be allowed to accrue 1.25 days of error per year, which was corrected during a festival at the end of the 7th or Sabbatical year. This station on the lozenge also codes 288, a foundation, multi-use number of tremendous importance.
  
  
• 2.857142857 inches radius (5.714285714 inches diameter). This relates to dividing up a 360 degree circle according to "reed" values (126 inches). 360 ÷ 126 = 2.857142857-degrees. This value would be 5 degrees in a 630-degree compass, like the inner Sarsen Circle rim at Stonehenge.

The right hand side of the lozenge is particularly laden with extra codes, as a much magnified, high resolution photo of the lozenge will verify. Under magnification it is seen that lines from separate quadrants, which should, technically, intersect, don't do so but sit at staggered, extended points from each other. Here is the result of assessing the positions within the exacting confines of AutoCAD.

RIGHT SIDE POINTS @ 90-DEGREES.

• 3.571428571 inches radius (7.142857143 inches diameter). Again, this code is not as difficult as it looks. It's merely the result of dividing 360 degrees by 100.8. Under the Great Pyramid's "6&7" navigational system 100.8 feet represented 1 second of arc. The diameter of the inner Sarsen Circle, rim to rim, through one section, was measured as 100.8 feet. This same station on the lozenge would have also meant 3.564 inches and relate to the base length codes of the Menkaure Pyramid (356.4 feet). The perimeter of Menkaure complied to 54 divisions of 26.4 feet ("11" series). The lunar cycle counts (2551.5 or 6804) also worked exceedingly well to 54 divisions.
  
  
• 3.54375 inches radius (7.0875 inches diameter). The sum of 354.375 days is the length of the lunar year. The Khafre Pyramid had a design length of 708.75 feet (15/16ths the length of the Great Pyramid).
  
  
• 3.5 inches radius (7 inches diameter). This is simple "7" series navigational or calendar coding, but would also have meant 3.52 inches radius (7.04 inches diameter) and relate to "11" series navigation.
  
  
• 3.456 inches radius (6.912 inches diameter). Again, one of the dynamic codes of antiquity, relating to the "6&7" navigational system found on the Great Pyramid or the outer rim of the Sarsen Circle at Stonehenge.
  
  
• 3.42 inches radius (6.84 inches diameter). One of the Station Stones positions at Stonehenge resides at 342-degrees, with another 180-degrees opposed at 162-degrees. This is suggestive of dividing a 360-degree circle into 20 positions of 18-degrees each.
  
  
• 3.402 inches radius (6.804 inches diameter). This is in homage to the lunar nutaion cycle of 6804 days.
  
  
• 3.375 inches radius (6.75 inches diameter). This value is part of a mathematical progression used to track positions arrived at in the lunar cycle or Sabbatical Calendar. The station would have been dual coded to also include 3.36 inches radius and 6.72 inches diameter to provide useful values within the Great Pyramid's "6&7" navigational system. There would be 15 X 6.72 feet in 100.8 feet (1 second of arc under the "6&7" system).

THE BOTTOM POINTS @ 180-DEGREES.

• 3.024 inches radius (6.048 inches diameter). The Great Pyramid @ 756 feet per side has a perimeter value of 3024 feet. Twice the perimeter value (6048 feet) is 1 minute of equatorial circumference arc for the world under the Great Pyramid's "6&7" geodetic assignment.
  
  
• 2.986666 inches radius (5.9733333 diameter). Again, the special ratio for working in a circuit of 56 positions is encoded into this quadrant of the lozenge.
  
  
• 2.97 inches radius (5.94 inches diameter). Again, the Menkaure Pyramid rounded PHI and "11" series incremental readings are encoded into the bottom stations of the lozenge.
  
  
• 2.933333 inches radius (5.866666 inches diameter). This ratio could be used used to break circuits, based upon miles, into 1/18th segments. The station would have been triple coded to mnemonically carry the values of 2.9166666 (5.833333 diameter) and 2.916 (5.832 diameter) inches, respectively, as well.
  
  
• 2.88888 inches radius (5.777777 inches diameter). If the Great Pyramid's perimeter of 3024 feet is multiplied by 2.8888888 then the resultant value is 8736, which is the number of hours in 364 days...the raw count figure used in the 13 months, of 28 days each, solar year. This 364 day system was allowed to run for 7 years without disruption, before correction, although some groups, like the Hebrews, had a "double Sabbath" once a year to make the annual count 365 days. This meant a correction (for them) of only 42 hours at the end of each 7th year. Others simply made up the lost time at the end of 7 years in a festival that added 8.75 days to the calendar count. This station on the lozenge would have been dual coded to also mean 2.88 inches (multi-use number).

TO THE ENDS OF THE EARTH.

Here in New Zealand, at the furthest reaches of the globe, an ancient purpose placed tor mound, situated upon the northern ridge of the Waitapu Valley, sits 7000 Hebrew/ Celtic Royal Cubits from a laboriously carved, surveying "benchmark cleft" on the sea cliff.. The azimuth angle from this equally ancient benchmark cleft, to the southern face of the tor mound, is 51.84 degrees (the slope angle of the Great Pyramid or azimuth angle through the centre of the huge Octagon earth embankment complex of Newark, Ohio).

At the same time, the northern ridge tor mound centre sits 11520 feet from the southern hubstone of the very impressive Waitapu standing stone observatory, on an azimuth angle of 59.0625-degrees. Half of this value is 29.53125 and that happens to be the number of days in a lunar year. The rising, diagonal face length to the apex of Khafre Pyramid, under the 3,4,5 triangle rule by which it was built, was 590.625 feet...half of which is the azimuth angle between the centre of the northern tor mound and the huge hubstone at Puketapu Hill's lower observatory site.

The line from the observatory to the northern ridge tor mound turns 120 degrees and goes for 11520 feet to a standing stone marker on Puketapu Hill, where there's another large observatory composed of about 200 cairns. At the Puketapu Hill marker the line turns 120-degrees and runs for 11520 feet to the southern hubstone of the Waitapu Observatory, forming a perfect equilateral triangle. The 11520 feet distance on each side of the triangle is .8 of a Geomancer's mile from ancient Britain.

Another line extends for 12500 feet from the northern ridge tor mound to the huge hubstone of Puketapu Hill's lower plateau alignment site. The azimuth angle of this line is 295.3125-degrees, again accentuating the 29.53125-days in the lunar month. Under the largest "10" series, ancient calibration, which viewed the size of the Earth as 25000 miles of equatorial circumference, this distance would represent 1/10560th part (2/5280ths). If the 12500 feet were called miles, then this distance would mnemonically code half of the equatorial circumference. A cairn, 100 feet beyond the hubstone, marks a distance of 12600 feet from the northern ridge tor mound, or 1200 Hebrew Reeds. This distance is 1/10368th or 2/5184ths of the equatorial circumference under the Great Pyramid geodetic assignment.

The distance from the huge hubstone on Puketapu Hill's lower overland alignment site to the southern hubstone of the Waitapu Observatory is 11340 feet, at an azimuth angle of 172.8-degrees. The 11340 feet distance is a very prominent lunar code. It is the exact distance equivalent of 15 sides of the Great Pyramid or 16 sides of the Khafre Pyramid, on the Giza Plateau of Egypt. The 11340 distance is in mnemonic reference to a day count interval within the 6804-day lunar nutation cycle (major standstill to major standstill) wherein 1134-days equals 1/6th of that period. The width of the Station Stones rectangle at Stonehenge is 113.4 feet. The azimuth angle of 172.8-degrees carries one of the most significant navigational principles of antiquity in its numerical value.

Yet another line runs for 11520 feet from a giant, purpose place obelisk stone near Puketapu Hill, to a yet larger tor mound on the southern ridge of the Waitapu Valley...etc., etc.

There remain many coded stations on, especially, the Clandon Barrow Lozenge, which this series of articles has neglected to analyse thus far. The Clandon Barrow Lozenge, despite the fact that it's slightly smaller than the Bush Barrow Lozenge, contains many more codes.

The truth against the world.

June 2003. ©